Qumran

We will visit Qumran, an ancient site along the Dead Sea during a 14 day trip to the Holy Land in May 2018. This is the village of the Essenes and the place where a shepherd boy found the first of the Dead Sea Scrolls. The settlement has a long and interesting history and has influenced our faith in many ways.

Qumran sits near the Dead Sea. It is an isolated location, far from Jerusalem and the populated areas of Israel. The men who moved to Qumran did so to get away from multitudes of people, what they felt was a corrupted priesthood and to avoid foreigners who were influencing the Israelites in wrong ways. Philo wrote “They flee the cities and live in villages where clean air and clean social life abound. They either work in the fields or in crafts that contribute to peace.”

The people who lived in Qumran were a monastic sect called the Essenes. Philo described them in this way, “They do not hoard silver and gold and do not acquire great landholdings; procuring for themselves only what is necessary for life. Thus they live without goods and without property, not by misfortune, but out of preference. They do not make armaments of any kind. They do not keep slaves and detest slavery. … With respect to philosophy, they dismiss logic but have an extremely high regard for virtue. They honor the Sabbath with great respect over the other days of the week. They have an internal rule which all learn, together with rules on piety, holiness, justice and the knowledge of good and bad.”

Pliney the Elder wrote, “To the west (of the Dead Sea) the Essenes have put the necessary distance between themselves and the insalubrious shore. They are a people unique of its kind and admirable beyond all others in the whole world; without women and renouncing love entirely, without money and having for company only palm trees. Owing to the throng of newcomers, this people is daily reborn in equal number; indeed, those whom, wearied by the fluctuations of fortune, life leads to adopt their customs, stream in in great numbers. Thus, unbelievable though this may seem, for thousands of centuries a people has existed which is eternal yet into which no one is born: so fruitful for them is the repentance which others feel for their past lives!"

Josephus says, “They renounce pleasure as an evil, and regard continence and resistance to passions as a virtue. They disdain marriage for themselves, being content to adopt the children of others at a tender age in order to instruct them. They do not abolish marriage, but are convinced women are all licentious and incapable of fidelity to one man. They despise riches. When they enter the sect, they must surrender all of their money and possessions into the common fund, to be put at the disposal of everyone; one single property for the whole group. Therefore neither the humiliation of poverty nor the pride of possession is to be seen anywhere among them.”

Josephus also wrote, “Before sunrise they recite certain ancestral prayers to the sun as though entreating it to rise. They work until about 11 A.M. when they put on ritual loincloths and bathe for purification. Then they enter a communal hall,where no one else is allowed,and eat only one bowlful of food for each man, together with their loaves of bread. They eat in silence. Afterwards they lay aside their sacred garment and go back to work until the evening. At evening they partake dinner in the same manner. During meals they are sober and quiet and their silence seems a great mystery to people outside. Their food and drink are so measured out that they are satisfied but no more.”

The men of Qumran are famous for their scrolls. The community copied scriptures, works written by others and writings of their own. The copyists worked in a disciplined manner so the product of their work would be error free. They counted letters to make sure each scroll was correctly copied, and then the scrolls were checked for style. Letters could not touch each other and the script had to conform to a specific style.

The Essenes assembled a library of scrolls. Every book of the Bible, with the exception of Esther, is contained in their library. Other great works both religious and nonreligious can be found also. Writings of their teachers are found among the scrolls and give clues to their theology.

During our 14 day trip to the Holy Land in May 2018 we will see the ruins of Qumran. We will see the Scriptorium, mikvah pools, craft houses and kitchen. We will also have the opportunity to walk up to caves where the scrolls were stored. We can climb into several caves to explore and see how they connect together.

The site was destroyed during the first Jewish-Roman War of 66-70 AD. With the dissolving of Jewish society the Essene communities ceased to exist.

En Gedi

What is more fun than floating in the Dead Sea? A walk up the creek at En Gedi in order to take a dip in the pool at the waterfall. We will take this great walk during a 14 day trip to the Holy Land in May 2018.

The oasis at En Gedi is very ancient. Settlements have been documented along the freshwater streams since the Chalcolithic era or Copper age in Israel. Remains can be found for rich farming communities, Essene schools, Temples, Synagogues, and Roman Villas. It is written that King David used this region as a hide-out, living in caves and partaking of the rich foods found along the cool streams in the area. En Gedi was famous for its Balsam, Date Palms, Henna, and aromatic resins. Solomon wrote, “My beloved is to me a cluster of henna blossoms in the vineyards of Engedi.”

“David went up from there and lived in the strongholds of En Gedi. After Saul returned from pursuing the Philistines, he was told, ‘David is in the Desert of En Gedi.’ So Saul took three thousand able young men from all Israel and set out to look for David and his men near the Crags of the Wild Goats.” (1 Sam. 24) We will walk up Wadi David during our visit at En Gedi.

We will begin our walk in a picnic area shaded by acacia trees and Christ-thorn jujube. Because of the water there is an abundance of plants and animals along the wadi. We will observe small antelope and Rock Hyrax or Conies under and in the trees.

After taking time to look at and take photos of the animals we will walk a well laid out trail along the stream. The trail crosses the stream on bridges giving us a closer look at the valley, the plants and the water flowing through shallow pools and  trickling over rocks. We will see the caves in which David camped and trails leading to the Judean heights.

There are many trails which traverse this Ein Gedi National Park which are well laid out and cover the various wadis in the area. The hike for our group will not be difficult, and there are benches along the way. Climbers who have time and are able can ascend along the Zetuya, Ha issiyyim, B ‘nei Hamoshavim, EnGedi or Yishay ascents to Mt. Zenuya on the desert plateau.

We will ascend at a much more moderate path along the creek, taking time as we desire to look back along the trail we have traveled. The views are different as we look up the hill toward the waterfall and look downwards toward the Dead Sea in the distance. Those who desire can wander a little and rock climb on marked trails. The rest of us will easily navigate a gradual ascent.

Our climb will end at David’s waterfall below Dodim’s Cave. We will have time to put or feet in the water, or if prepared we will be able to get into the water and refresh ourselves. From the pool we will be able to stand under the waterfall and look down the canyon to the Dead Sea.

On the completion of our time at En Gedi we will prepare for a swim in the Dead Sea and possibly a visit to Jericho. Fun times are in store for those who join us on our 14 day trip to the Holy Land in May 2018. To sign up, use the link to find more information at www.KosherCopy.com. You will also find links to the trip itinerary and for trip registration.

Masada

You will see many beautiful and historic sites if you join me during a 14 day trip to the Holy Land in May 2018. One of the fascinating places we will visit is Masada, a location first fortified by Hasmonean Alexander Jannaeus. The fortress was captured by Herod the Great and greatly expanded. We will see Herod’s fortress as we visit the top of Masada.

Masada is a geological formation called a horst, or a raised area which sits between two faults. Masada reaches more than a thousand feet above the Dead Sea of the Great Rift Valley fault zone. The top is a large mesa like plateau which contains palaces and housing for soldiers and staff. A large cistern system is contained within the mountain to collect and conserve water for the people who reside there.

We will approach Masada on our  14 day trip to the Holy Land from the east along the Roman siege ramp. We will see a Roman campground, catapult and a memorial to the Zealots who died in 73 AD.

At the top of the siege ramp we will enter through a gate, observing along the way guard walkways which were outside the walls. The gate is near the Western Palace, which we will tour and see the section of wall which was breached by Rome. Further south is a swimming pool, a southern fort and a mikvah pool.

Further north we will visit a barracks and the Synagogue which was used for worship. From this spot we will have an excellent view of the Dead Sea and the far shoreline. We will stop along the Northeastern side of the wall and hear a speech given to the Zealots in 73 AD just before the Romans breached the wall into Masada.

Beyond the Synagogue are storage areas, a bath house, the northern palace and administrative areas. We will have plenty of time to walk around Masada before descending either by the snake path or on a cable car. We will end up in the visitor center near the Dead Sea.

From Masada we will drive north along the Dead Sea to En Gedi, Qumran, and a beach where we will float on top of the water. The Dead Sea is lowest habitable place on earth. The air is very dry and oxygen rich. The water is mineral heavy which enables swimmers to float.

To sign up for the 14 day trip to the Holy Land in May 2018 use the link provided. Visit the Travel Brochure to see our schedule, then visit the registration page to claim a trip discount your initial deposit (details in the travel brochure).